Design Thinner with 230® alloy Tech Brief

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“Designing Thinner” with HAYNES® Components

HAYNES® 230® alloy has many design advantages over less robust materials of construction. These include superior oxidation-resistance, metallurgical stability, fatigue strength and reparability. But the stand-out feature of 230 alloy is its excellent strength. You can design higher strength into your component by using the same thickness of construction as for other materials, or you can “design thinner” by reducing thickness, and still gain all of 230® alloy’s other advantages. The chart below shows how much gauge reduction you can achieve in comparison to various heat-resistant alloys. So when the mass of your part is important, or if heat transfer needs to be improved, “design thinner” with 230® alloy’s strength advantage. Use 2/3 to 3/4 of the thickness required for HASTELLOY® X alloy, or 1/2 to 2/3 of the thickness needed for 800H alloy. Only a third of the thickness of type 310 stainless steel is needed for the same level of strength! The same advantages exist for ASME Vessel Code construction for service up to 1650°F (900°C), although the extent of thickness reduction possible may vary somewhat. Reference to the individual code cases for comparison is recommended.

Alloy Service Temperature %
1400°F (760°C) 1600°F (870°C) 1800°F (980°C)
X 25 34 26
800H 47 51 39
601 54 54 36
253MA 54 53 42
316L 56 64 60
RA330 60 61 54
304 63 68 63
310 66 69 72
600 71 63 45
446 90 90 88

*Based on 1000-hour rupture life strength


**Allowable design stresses

Product Description

HAYNES® 230® alloy is a top-of-the-line high-performance industrial heat-resistant alloy for applications demanding high strength, as well as resistance to environment. It is a substantial upgrade in performance capabilities from common iron-nickel-chromium and nickel-chromium alloys and displays the best combination of strength, stability, environment-resistance, and fabricablllty of any commercial nickel-base alloy.

230® alloy can be utilized at temperatures as high as 2100°F (1150°C) for continuous service. Its resistance to oxidation, combustion environments, and nitriding recommends it highly for applications such as nitric acid catalyst grids, high-temperature bellows, industrial furnace fixtures and hardware, strand annealing tubes, thermocouple protection tubes, and many more. 230® alloy is covered by ASME Section VIII, Division I and ASME Section I Code Case 2063-3, both up to 1650°F (900°C). 230® alloy is also covered by a number of ASTM and AMS specifications.

Nominal Composition

Nickel Balance
Cobalt 5 max.
Chromium 22
Molybdenum 2
Tungsten 14
Iron 3 max.
Silicon 0.4
Manganese 0.5
Carbon 0.10
Aluminum 0.3
Boron 0.015 max.
Lanthanum 0.02

Typical Tensile Properties Solution Annealed, Plate

Test Temperature 0.2% Offset Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Strength Elongation
°F °C ksi MPa ksi MPa %
RT RT 57 395 125 860 50
1000 540 40 275 103 705 53
1200 650 40 275 98 675 55
1400 760 42 275 88 605 53
1600 870 37 255 63 435 65
1800 980 21 145 35 240 83
2000 1095 11 76 20 140 83
2100 1150 7 47 13 91 106
2200 1205 4 30 9 65 109

Typical Rupture Properties, Plate

Temperature Typical Rupture Properties: Stress Required to Produce Rupture
– 100 h 1,000 h 10,000 h
°F °C ksi MPa ksi MPa ksi MPa
1200 650 56.0 385 42.5 295 29.0 200
1400 760 27.0 185 20.0 140 14.2 98
1600 870 13.7 95 9.5 66 6.2 43
1800 980 6.0 41 3.0 21 1.6 11
1900 1040 3.5 24 1.8 12 – –
2000 1095 2.1 14 1.0 7 – –
2100 1150 1.2 8 0.6 4 – –

Typical Room Temperature Physical Properties

Physical Property British Units Metric Units
Density
0.324 lb/in3
8.97 g/cm3
Electrical Resistivity 49.2 μohm-in 125 μohm-cm
Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity (Young’s Modulus)
30.6 x 106 psi
 211 Gpa
Thermal Conductivity
62 Btu-in/ft2 -hr-°F
 8.9 W/m-°C
Specific Heat 0.095 Btu/lb.-°F 397 J/Kg-°C

Environmental Resistance

Oxidation in Air – Excellent at 2100°F (1150°C)

Sulfidation – Equal to X alloy

Carburization – Equal to X alloy

Hydrogen Embrittlement – Excellent

Chlorination – Equal to 625 alloy

Nitriding – Best commercial alloy