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Strength, Stability and Oxidation-Resistance for Gas Turbine and Aerospace Applications to 2100°F (1150°C)

Efficiency-Performance-Cost:

These three concepts drive future design trends for advanced gas turbine engines and aerospace hardware. HAYNES® 230® alloy gives a designer the freedom to meet such challenges "head on".

Efficiency

Efficiency means "doing more with less". 230® alloy has as much as a 50% stress rupture strength advantage over typical workhorse alloys such as HASTELLOY® X alloy at 1700°F (925°C). This opens the door to the use of thinner, more efficient gages.

Performance

Performance means long-term trouble-free component life and ease of repair. 230® alloy has the oxidation-resistance to take sustained operation up to 2100°F (1150°C) without serious degradation. It also has excellent resistance to microstructural changes in service that should make it readily repairable without need for prior solution annealing. As for cost, 230® alloy was designed without cobalt, an expensive and import-dependent element. So appreciable savings are available compared to cobalt-containing alloys, such as HAYNES® 188 alloy.

Oxidation in Combustion Gases

Burner rig dynamic oxidation tests rankings for 2000°F (1095°C)/500 hours exposure to products of combustion of a mixture of No. 1 and No. 2 fuel oil burned at a ratio of air-to-fuel of about 50:1 are shown below. Gas velocity was about 0.3 mach. Samples were automatically removed from gas stream every 30 minutes and fan-cooled to less than 500°F (260°C) before reinsertion into the flame tunnel. Maximum metal affected is the sum of the metal loss plus the single deepest point of internal penetration.

Oxidation Damage
Material Metal Loss Average Metal Loss Maximum Metal Loss
- mils µm mils µm mils µm
230® 2.2 5.6 5.2 132 5.7 145
188 7.5 190 9.8 249 10.7 272
X 9.0 229 12.9 328 13.5 343

Nominal composition

Nickel: Balance
Cobalt: 5 max.
Chromium: 22
Molybdenum: 2
Tungsten: 14
Iron: 3 max
Silicon: 0.4
Manganese: 0.5
Carbon: 0.10
Aluminum: 0.3
Boron: 0.015
Lanthanum: 0.02

Typical Tensile Properties Solution Annealed, Plate

Test Temperature 0.2% Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Strength Elongation
°F °C ksi MPa ksi MPa %
RT RT 57 395 125 860 50
1000 540 40 275 103 705 53
1200 650 40 275 98 675 55
1400 760 42 275 88 605 53
1600 870 37 255 63 435 65
1800 980 21 145 35 240 83
2000 1095 11 76 20 140 83
2100 1150 7 47 13 91 106
2200 1205 4 30 9 65 109

Typical Rupture Properties, Plate

Test Temperature Typical Rupture Properties: Stress Required to Produce Rupture in Hours Shown
100 h 1,000 h 10,000 h
°F °C ksi MPa ksi MPa ksi MPa
1200 650 56.0 385 42.5 295 29.0 200
1400 760 27.0 185 20.0 140 14.2 98
1600 870 13.7 95 9.5 66 6.2 43
1800 980 6.0 41 3.0 21 1.6 11
1900 1040 3.5 24 1.8 12 - -
2000 1095 2.1 14 1.0 7 - -

Typical Room Temperature Physical Properties

Physical Property British Units Metric Units
Density 0.324 lb/in3 8.97 g/cm3
Electrical Resistivity 49.2 µohm-in 125 µohm-cm
Modulus of Elasticity 30.6 x 106 psi 211 GPA
Thermal Conductivity 62 Btu-in/ft2-h-°F 8.9 W/m-°C
Specific Heat 0.095 Btu/lb-°F 397 J/Kg-°C

Product Description

230® alloy is a top-of-the-line high-performance, industrial heat-resistant alloy for applications demanding high strength as well as resistance to environment. It is a substantial upgrade in performance capabilities from common iron-nickel-chromium and nickel-chromium alloys, and displays the best combination of strength, stability, environment-resistance and fabricability of any commercial nickel-base alloy. 230® alloy can be utilized at temperatures as high as 2100°F (1150°C) for continuous service. Its resistance to oxidation, combustion environments and nitriding recommends it highly for applications such as nitric acid catalyst grids, high-temperature bellows, industrial furnace fixtures and hardware, strand annealing tubes, thermocouple protection tubes, and many more. 230® alloy is covered by ASME Section VIII, Division I, and ASME Section I, Code Case 2063-3, both up to 1650°F (900°C). 230® alloy is also covered by a number of ASTM and AMS specifications.

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