Thermal Stability (T-T-S Chart)

C-4 Time-Temperature-Sensitization

The above chart illustrates the large difference between the grain boundary precipitation kinetics of C-4 and C-276 alloys. It indicates that C-4 alloy must be held at the most critical temperature (825°C) for 2 hours before grain boundary precipitation is sufficient to cause preferential grain boundary attack of a significant nature, that is to a depth of 0.05 mm in the ASTM G 28A test solution (50% H2SO4 + 42 g/l Fe2(SO4)3 at the boiling point). On the other hand, C-276 alloy is prone to significant grain boundary attack in this boiling solution after just 3 minutes at temperatures in the approximate range 925°C to 1050°C. This means that, during welding, heat input is important in the case of C-276 alloy, but of little consequence in the case of C-4 alloy.

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